Data Engineer job market report

Which skills postings mention

Share of the 572 Data Engineer postings we have read that name each skill. Ranked by how often it appears, not by how important anyone thinks it is.

These are mentions, not requirements. Our extraction returns one list per posting and does not separate “5+ years required” from “a plus”, so both are counted here. Read a percentage as how often a skill comes up, never as how often it is mandatory.

From 591 postings (51.6% of this role) whose full description we have read. That subset was selected by our job-matching system rather than at random, so treat this as describing the subset rather than the whole market. Why.

1. 1sql69.1%
2. 2python67.1%
3. 3data modeling42.1%
4. 4etl40.4%
5. 5dbt30.4%
6. 6spark28.7%
7. 7airflow27.6%
8. 8aws26.2%
9. 9snowflake26.2%
10. 10data pipelines24%
11. 11ci/cd21.3%
12. 12databricks20.5%
13. 13data quality20.1%
14. 14data governance19.6%
15. 15data engineering17.8%
16. 16elt16.4%
17. 17kafka14.2%
18. 18bigquery13.6%
19. 19gcp12.8%
20. 20data warehousing11.2%
21. 21azure10.8%
22. 22redshift10.1%
23. 23postgresql9.8%
24. 24git9.4%
25. 25terraform9.3%

sql leads at 69.1%, then python at 67.1% and data modeling at 42.1%. A skill appearing in a third of postings is worth learning; one appearing in 5% is worth knowing exists.

How much experience is expected

The seniority mix below covers all 1,145 postings. Among the ones we have read, half of those stating a number ask for 5+ years, and the middle 50% sit between 4 and 7.

1. 1No level in title42.6%
2. 2Senior32.8%
3. 3Staff7.6%
4. 4Lead4.8%
5. 5Manager4.5%
6. 6Director+2.8%
7. 7Principal2.4%
8. 8Entry level / junior1.7%
9. 9Internship0.8%

What it pays

Annual base ranges as stated by employers. Read the caveats at the bottom before quoting any of these — the disclosing minority is not a random sample.

From 591 postings (51.6% of this role) whose full description we have read. That subset was selected by our job-matching system rather than at random, so treat this as describing the subset rather than the whole market. Why.

Where the jobs are

Share of postings by metro. Postings we could not place to a metro are not counted here, so these shares describe the located subset.

1. 1Remote16.9%
2. 2New York, NY10.7%
3. 3San Francisco, CA7.2%
4. 4Washington, DC5%
5. 5Other — CA4.3%
6. 6Other — VA3.6%
7. 7Silicon Valley, CA3.6%
8. 8Chicago, IL2.5%
9. 9Austin, TX2.1%
10. 10Boston, MA1.8%
11. 11Los Angeles, CA1.6%
12. 12Other — MD1.5%
13. 13Dallas, TX1.3%
14. 14Denver, CO1.3%
15. 15Atlanta, GA1%

Remote, hybrid or on-site

26.1% of these postings are explicitly remote and 18.3% are explicitly on-site. A large "not stated" share is normal — many descriptions simply never say.

1. 1Not stated41.1%
2. 2Remote26.1%
3. 3On-site18.3%
4. 4Hybrid14.6%

From 591 postings (51.6% of this role) whose full description we have read. That subset was selected by our job-matching system rather than at random, so treat this as describing the subset rather than the whole market. Why.

Who is hiring

Employers with the most open Data Engineer postings this month. The number beside each is their posting count.

• Accenture Federal Services24
• Brightvisiontechnologies17
• CapTech Consulting16
• Esri13
• Anduril Industries12
• Cisco11
• Pwc9
• OpenAI8
• Barclays7
• Caci7
• Tiger Analytics Inc.7
• Darkwolfsolutions6
• Fanduel6
• Qode6
• Agile Defense5

Visa sponsorship

20.3% of Data Engineer postings sit at employers that appear in US government H-1B approval records for the last three fiscal years. That is a property of the employer, not a promise about this role.

Employers hiring most for this role who appear in those filings:

• OpenAI8
• Point725
• Coreweave4
• Databricks4
• Samsara4
• AssistRx3
• Coinbase3
• Discord3
• Hinge Health3
• Megazone Cloud US3
• Nationsbenefits3
• Roblox3

A further 1.9% of these postings are at employers whose job descriptions state that they sponsor, but which we could not find in the approval records. That is a weaker signal, so we count it separately rather than adding it to the figure above. It may simply mean the employer sponsors under a different legal name.

Separately, 12% of these postings require a security clearance, which in practice means US citizenship. If you need sponsorship, that slice of the market is closed to you regardless of the employer’s history — worth filtering out early rather than discovering at the final stage.

How to prepare, based on the above

Nothing in this section is generic advice. Every line is read off this month's numbers for this role.

1. Learn sql, python, data modeling first. They appear in 69.1%, 67.1% and 42.1% of postings respectively. Anything below roughly 10% on the list above is a differentiator, not a prerequisite — useful once the top of the list is solid, and a poor use of your time before that.
2. Expect to be asked for 5 years. A stated minimum is a filter, not a rule, and the 4-year figure at the 25th percentile is the realistic target for the most reachable quarter of this market. Apply to those before the ones asking 7+.
3. Apply to far more postings than feels reasonable. With 2.4% of postings open to entry level, the addressable market for a new graduate this month is roughly 28 postings nationally. That is a volume problem before it is a quality problem.
4. Anchor on $138k–$196k when pay comes up — the middle half of disclosed ranges. Below the 10th percentile of $115k you are being underpaid relative to what employers in this corpus publish for the role.
5. If you need sponsorship, start from the employer, not the posting. 20.3% of this role’s postings are at companies that appear in H-1B approval records. Filtering by employer history first is a far better use of your time than applying broadly and asking later.